In recent years there have been a series of finds that have revolutionized our understanding of the Neanderthals and their extinction in Eurasia. It is widely held in academic circles that Neanderthals managed to survive in the area of modern day Iberia longer than anywhere else. However, a re-examination of some tools from a very important site in Spain may show that this was not the case and that they were replaced by modern humans in Europe much earlier than previously believed.